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被动语态（The passive voice）
1. What is the passive voice?
• 语态（voice）：发出动作的主语与具体动作之间的关系
• 语态分两类：
(1)主动语态 The Active Voice（执行）
eg: I sell pears. Pears are sold by me.
(2)被动语态 The Passive Voice（承受）
eg: He ate an apple. An apple was eaten by him.
2. 被动语态的构成
一般形式：be动词的合适形式+过去分词
• 各个时态的被动语态
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一般
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现在
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完成
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现在
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am/is/are + asked
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am/is/are + being asked
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has/have been asked
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过去
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was/were + asked
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was/were + being asked
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had been asked
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将来
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shall/will be asked
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shall/will + have been asked
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1. 被动语态的句型总结如下:
肯定句:主语 + be + 过去分词 + (by ).
The boy is called Jack.
否定句:主语 + be not+ 过去分词 + (by ).
The baby is not looked after by his father.
一般疑问句:Be +主语 + 过去分词 + (by
Is King Lear written by Shakespeare?
特殊疑问句:特殊疑词+ be + 过去分词 + (by）
What is this kind of sweater made of?
2. 被动语态的用法:
(1)要表达“被…” 、“受…”、“让…”、“遭…”之类的语义.
The teachers are well respected.
The child is well loved by people.
(2)强调动作承受者.
He is known far and wide.他远近闻名.
(3)不知道式没有必要指出动作的执行者.
The room is cleaned every day.房子每天都有人打扫.
(4)为礼貌起见避免提及动作执行者.
I wonder if I was allowed to introduce myself?我是否可以做自我介绍?
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