专题03 完形填空之议论文
议论文是一种剖析事物、论述事理、发表见解或提出主张的说理性文章。议论文的目的不仅是客观的解释事物，还力图说服读者相信并接受某一观点。中考中常见的议论型完形填空分为两种，一种是夹叙夹议型完形填空；另一种是纯议论型完形填空。
Part 1考情分析
议论文是中考完形填空中较难的一种文体，一般由三个要素组成：论点、论据、结论。要做好议论文类的完形填空，最重要的是抓住作者的论点。不同的议论文论点的提出方式往往不同，大体有以下三种情况：(1) 开门见山地提出论点。有些议论文在文章的一开始就提出论点，然后再通过具体的论据去论证论点。有时候既有正面的论据，也有反面的论据。最后总结全文。(2) 导入式提出论点。有些议论文会先叙述生活中的一件具体的事情或描述生活中的现象，然后根据事情或现象所反映的问题提出自己的论点，最后用具体的论据去论证自己的论点。(3) 最后提出论点。在有些议论文中，一开始作者仅仅是列举生活中的现象，而不表明自己的观点。
文章通过对具体现象的分析，自然得出一种结论，这种结论往往就是作者的论点。对于纯议论形式的完形填空，要在掌握全文主旨的情况下，找出每段的主旨句。找出了每段的主旨句也就把握了文章的脉络，这样理解文意就容易了。
Part 2解题思路
1.首句制胜，论点明确
把握首句，这样就可以迅速找到文章所要论证的观点，进而理解全文的主旨大意。英语议论文中绝大部分首句就是全文的论点，而且通常每段的首句就是主题句(topic sentence)。因此抓住每段的首句是非常重要的。
【例1】How many times has this happened to you？You're trying to pass a crowded sidewalk．And someone talking or texting on a cell phone slows you down，or worse，（75）_______you．
What if we could put these multi taskers（一心二用的人）into their own lane，freeing up half of the sidewalk for pedestrians（行人）who are paying attention？
That's the idea behind the new show Mind Over Masses．The show created a separate lane on a Washington，DC sidewalk for those who wanted to look at their phones，while the other lane was for （76）_______walkers．It was part of a behavior experiment by the National Geographic Channel in the US．
However，the experiment didn't really work（77）_______it could have because a lot of phone users didn't notice the markings at all． "it's no surprise walkers didn't notice the lanes because they were（78）_______looking at their phones，"said Yahoo
Checking phones on the go is just one of a few annoying things about modern mobile phone usage．Below are some phone etiquettes（礼仪） tips provided by the Guardian．
You should reply to messages．it's very frustrating to text a friend who takes a long time to reply，yet（79）_______to update their statuses（状态）on their social networking sites in the meantime．
You should pick a nice ringtone．No one appreciates it when an annoying ringtone breaks into what they're doing.
You should not visit someone's home and immediately ask for Wi-Fi．Do you seriously want to climb over the back of the couch，grab the router（路由器），and read the Wi-Fi password off the back of it？（80）_______go to your friend's home，drink and eat what your host gives you， and chat face to face．
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75． A） runs away
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B） runs out of
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C） runs into
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D） runs after
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76． A） slower
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B） quicker
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C） more careful
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D） more patient
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77． A） as well as
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B） as soon as
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C） as good as
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D） as long as
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78． A） too afraid
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B） too busy
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C） too careful
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D） too difficult
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79． A） fails
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B） succeeds
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C） manages
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D）enables
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80． A） Instead
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B） Instead of
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C） In addition
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D）In return
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【详解】
