定语从句
什么是定语?
定语是用来修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特征的。 主要有形容词,此外还有名词、代词、数词、介词短语、动词不定式(短语)、分词、定语从句或相当于形容词的词、短语或句子都可以作定语。 汉语中常用
'……的' 表示。
例 a beautiful girl
the noisy music
什么是定语从句?
一、定义:在复合句中,修饰名词或代词的句子叫作定语从句。
例 I like the book which is about tale story.
Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.
二、先行词:定语从句在句中作定语, 用来修饰某个名词或代词, 这个名词或代词叫先行词, 而定语从句位于先行词的后面。
三、关系词:用来引导定语从句的词叫做关系词。
关系词分关系代词(that, which, who, whom, whose)和关系副词(when, where, why)。
关系词常有3个作用:1.连接作用。连接主句和从句。
2.指代作用。指代先行词
3.在从句中充当一定成分。
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指人
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指物
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所作成分
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关
系
代
词
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that
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√
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√
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主语、宾语(做宾语可以省略)
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which
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√
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主语、宾语(做宾语可以省略)
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who
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√
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主语、宾语(做宾语可以省略)
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whom
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√
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宾语(可以省略)
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whose
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√
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√
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定语
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关系
副词
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where
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地点状语
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when
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时间状语
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why
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原因状语
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例 This is the place where they fought the enemy.
Yesterday I received a letter which came from Australia.
1. 先通过翻译确定是定语从句
2. 找先行词,看先行词是人是物
3. 看从句缺什么成分
练习
1.The place _______interested me most was the Children's Palace.
A. which B. where C. what D. in which
2. Mr. Smith is the man ____ teaches us English.
A who B whom C what D which
3. We all like people ______ are kind and patient.
A that B whom C what D which