Module 3
模块语法专练
现在完成时(二)
1.当表示动作已经完成并对现在有一定影响时,一般用现在完成时。同时,可用just,already或yet加以强调或说明。just用来表示“刚刚”;already用来表示“已经”,一般置于have/has 之后,两者都用于肯定句;在否定句或疑问句中则要用yet,表示“还(未)”。例如:
I have just heard the news.我刚刚听到那个消息。
They have already been to the USA.他们已经去过美国了。
I haven’t heard from Tom yet.我还没有收到汤姆的来信。
2.现在完成时与一般过去时的区别。
(1)构成形式不同。
现在完成时的动词形式为“have/has+动词的过去分词”;一般过去时的动词形式为“动词的过去式”。例如:
Maria has never read any Chinese stories.玛利亚从未读过中国故事。
Jack’s mother took him to school every day when he was in primary school.当杰克上小学时,他妈妈每天送他上学。
(2)基本用法不同。
现在完成时侧重于过去的动作对现在造成的影响;而一般过去时侧重于表示过去的动作,与现在无关。例如:
Li Lei has read the book.李磊已经看过那本书。(说明李磊了解那本书的内容)
Yesterday I went to the zoo.昨天我去了动物园。(仅说明昨天去了动物园,与现在无关)
3.have been to和have gone to的用法辨析。
(1)have been to意为“到过,去过”,表示曾经去过某地,而此时人已不在那里,常与just,ever,never,once,twice,several times等连用。例如:
Have you ever been to the Great Wall?你曾经去过长城吗?
(2)have gone to意为“去了”,表示某人到某处去了,可能在去的路上或已到那个地方了。例如:
—May I speak to Han Mei?请韩梅接电话好吗?
—Sorry,she’s gone to the library.抱歉,她去图书馆了。
Ⅰ.单项填空
(D)1.Miss Brown,we cleaning our classroom.Can we go home now?
A.finish B.finishing
C.are finished D.have finished
(C)2.In the past few years,great changes in Lianyungang.
A.take place
B.took place
C.have taken place
D.have been taken place
(B)3.—Dad,where is Mum?
—She the supermarket.
A.has been to B.has gone to
C.is going to D.go
(A)4.I the book LittleWomen,but I’ll let you read it first.
A.haven’t read B.don’t read
C.won’t read D.read
(D)5.Since then,our home town has become a new city.Everything .
A.is changed B.was changed
C.had changed D.has changed
