name
［误］ She was named of a flower.
［正］ She was named after a flower.
［析］ 以……命名应为name after，又如给某人取名应为The father named his son Tom.
near
［误］ We came near to hit him.
［正］ We came near to hitting him.
［析］ 这句话应译为"我们几乎要打他一顿。"near to这一用法中to为介词，其后要接宾语，所以要接名词或动名词。near作介词时其后可加to也可 不加to，如： I sit near the door, I sit near to the fire.
by near
We lived near the city. 与We lived by the city. 两句话都是对的，但其表达的意义有所不同，by在表达距离时比near更近，所以by the city是紧靠近某城市。
