[误] My father will be back from America at present.
[正] My father will be back from America presently.
[析] presently有两个意思:其一是最近,不久,其二在美语中是现在之意,与at present相同。而for the present为暂时,如: I teach English in the school for the present.
[误] I'll be back at the moment.
[正] I'll be back in a moment.
[析] at the moment 其意为"现在,当时",而in a moment意为"马上过一会",与in a minute意思相近。
[误] The train from Shanghai will arrive here in time.
[正] The train from Shanghai will arrive here on time.
[析] on time为"准时",而in time有两个含意。其一是"及时",如:The doctor arrived in time。其二是"将来,终究"。
[误] I met an old friend sometimes last month.
[正] I met an old friend sometime last month.
[析] Sometime 过去,或者将来某时。 Sometimes 有时
如: Sometimes I go to school by bus.Some time 一些时间
如: I need sometime to do my homework. Some times 几次
如: I went to Shanghai sometimes this month.
at times 有时,偶尔
at all times 经常
some other time 改天
[误] I had met an old friend three days ago.
[正] I had met an old friend three days before.
[正] I met an old friend three days ago.
* ago 用在时间状语中时,主句中谓语动词一般用过去时,而before用于时间状语时则主句的谓语动词宜用完成时态。
[误] He studied very hard. and at the end he passed the exam.
[正] He studied very hard, and in the end he passed the exam.
[析] in the end=at last 意为"最终,终于",表达经过若干努力而达到的结果。而at the end是在某事的结束时如何如何,如:At the end of class, the teacher gave us some story books。
[误] I will come here to help you each three days.
[正] I will come here to help you every three days.
[析] every three days 为"每三天",即每隔二天,而every other day为每隔一天。
[误] He didn't go to the cinema yesterday. and I didn't go, too.
[正] He didn't go to the cinema yesterday and I didn't go either.
[析] 英语中表示"也",有4个字,also, as well, too, either,但either用于否定句中,而前3个用于肯定句中。在肯定句中too与as well一般要用在句尾,而also则可用于句中。如:She went to the party and her boy friend went there too. 又如: I've also read her other novels.
[误] We should help the poor girl in anyway.
[正] We should help the poor girl in any way.
[析] anyway为"不管怎么"讲,"无论如何",如:What a terrible accident, anyway no one was hurt.
any way 为"任何方式"。这种常见的错误还发生在以下几组词中,如:
everyday 日常的 every day 每天
faraway 遥远的 far away 远离
altogether 总计 all together 一块,大家一起
already 已经 all ready 全准备好了
[误] You can come to the doctor's at anytime.
[正] You can come to the doctor's at any time.
[析] anytime 是副词 而any time中的time是名词。
[误] She said nearly nothing.
[正] She said almost nothing.
[析] nearly 与 almost的含意相近,在很多场合可以互换,但在否定词前用almost。
[误] There are too much mistakes in your homework.
[正] There are too many mistakes in your homework.
[析] too much 后接不可数名词,如:There is too much water for the flowers. 而too many 后加可数名词,much too 后面加形容词,如:It is much too difficult to learn English well.
[误] It is late enough that we can go home now.
[正] It is late enough for us to go home now.
[析] 要注意的是enough后面一般不接从句而接不定式,或不定式的复合结构:for somebody to do something。
[误] The twins are very alike.
[正] The twins are much alike.
[析] 用a为首字母的形容词不能用very修饰,一般要用much来修饰。
[误] - How long does he write to his parents?
- Once a week.
[正] - How often does he write to his parents?
- Once a week.
[析] 英文与中文表达法不同,隔多长时间办一次某事,实际上问的是该事发生的频率,所以要用how often。
[误] As soon as I arrive in New York, I'll call up you.
[正] As soon as I arrive in New York, I'll call you up.
[析] 当动词词组的宾语是人称代词时则一定要放于动词之后,如果是名词则可以放在词组其后。 如:I want to watch TV. Please turn on the TV. 也可以讲: Please turn the TV on.
[误] He drove quickly his new car.
[正] He drove his new car quickly.
[析] 副词在句中的位置很活,但主要有以下几种用法:①实意动词之前,如:He quickly give me the answer. ② 在be动词之后,如:The little boy is often late for class. ③ 第一助动词之后,如:This book has almost been finished. ④ 在单独使用的be动词和助动词之前,如: Can you help me this afternoon? I certainly can. 但是无论如何也不能将副词置于动词与宾语之间,如果是宾语从句或是很长的名词
词组作宾语则才可以这样用:
He heard clearly what the teacher said.
[误] The children came late yesterday to the cinema.
[正] The children came late to the cinema yesterday.
[析] 表示一定长度的时间的副词不应放于句中,可放于句尾。如果表示强调则可放于句首。
[误] You have few new books, haven't you?
[正] you have few new books, have you?
[析] 英语中的数量形容词有两组。修饰可数名词的有few(很少,几乎没有),a few(有一些,几个);修饰不可数名词的有little (很少,几乎没有),a little(有一点,有一些)。要注意的是当few和little用于句中时应看作否定句,而 a few 和a little 用于句中时则应看作是肯定句。
[误] He spent quite little money on his food.
[正] He spent quite a little money on his food.